凹腔对一体化支板火焰稳定器燃烧性能的影响

在来流温度为780~850℃、来流马赫数为0.16及油气比为0.002~0.006的条件下,试验研究了凹腔对喷油/稳定一体化支板火焰稳定器燃烧效率及熄火性能的影响,并结合数值模拟进行辅助分析。结果表明:在不同油气比条件下,带凹腔的一体化支板火焰稳定器均能实现稳定高效燃烧;不带凹腔的一体化支板火焰稳定器燃烧效率始终低于带凹腔的一体化支板火焰稳定器,随着油气比的增加,两者燃烧效率差距逐渐缩小;带凹腔的一体化支板火焰稳定器较不带凹腔的一体化支板火焰稳定器有更好的熄火性能;凹腔结构促进了燃油雾化与蒸发,从而提高一体化支板火焰稳定器的燃烧性能。      

流动参数对发动机冷却用引射器性能的影响

为了探索引射器在航空发动机空气系统中的应用可行性,采用标准k -ω模型并求解雷诺平均Navier-Stokes方程组的数值方法,分析了流动参数对发动机冷却用引射器引射系数、压力损失系数及引射性能综合参数的影响。结果表明:膨胀比由9增大至10.1,引射系数增大了66%;膨胀比由15.2增大至20.2,引射系数降低了19%;压力损失均不断增大。临界压缩比随着膨胀比的增大而增大;压缩比小于临界压缩比时,低膨胀比较高膨胀比的引射系数大约75%、压力损失小约1%,综合引射性能好;压缩比大于临界压缩比时,高膨胀比的压力损失系数降幅更小,综合引射性能恶化幅度更大。温比由1增大至3,低膨胀比下引射性能综合参数增大了16%,高膨胀比下引射性能综合参数先减小了1%再增大了8%。     

ROPP反演软件算法及其精度分析

介绍了ROPP反演软件中无线电掩星反演的算法与精度分析. 采用COSMIC卫星2008年1 月1日全天的附加相位数据, 反演得到折射率、温度、压强与湿度等参数, 并与CDAAC 相应结果进行对比. 实验结果表明, 在30km高度以下, 折射率、压强和湿度的相对 误差在2%以内, 温度误差不超过2K.      

多视场星敏感器结构参数标定方法

提出一种基于星间角距不变原理的多视场(FOV)星敏感器结构参数标定方法.这种方法以欧拉角表征多视场星敏感器各个子视场之间的旋转关系,利用识别得到的各个视场星点的坐标信息和赤经赤纬信息,计算出多对星光矢量来建立标定模型和目标函数,然后使用L-M算法优化目标函数并解算出各个子视场之间的结构参数.此方法不需要外部姿态测量仪器辅助,可用于在轨和地面标定.在全天球随机抽取多个姿态生成多视场的仿真星图用于标定,并采用星内角统计偏差作为结构参数标定精度的评价指标.这种方法能够准确求解多视场星敏感器的结构参数.星内角统计偏差的平均值在星点位置噪声标准差为0.1像素的仿真试验中为1.3",在外场观星的实际试验中为6.4".      

Laser-induced oxidation assisted micro milling of high aspect ratio microgroove on WC-Co cemented carbide

Severe tool wear and poor surface quality are the main problems during micro machining of cemented carbide. In this work, an innovative hybrid process of laser-induced oxidation assisted micro milling (LOMM) was proposed to solve the problems. A nanosecond laser was utilized to induce oxidation of the WC-20%Co material, producing loose oxide which was easy to remove. The micro machinability of the material was improved by laser-induced oxidation. The oxidation mechanisms of cemented carbide were studied. A microgroove with a depth of 2.5 mm and aspect ratio of 5 was fabricated successfully. The milling force, surface quality and tool wear mechanisms were investigated. For comparison, a microgroove was also fabricated with conventional micro milling (COMM) using identical milling parameters. Results revealed that in LOMM the milling force and tool wear rate were extremely low during removing the oxide. The machined surface quality and dimensional accuracy achieved by LOMM were superior to those obtained by COMM. The surface roughness S_a of the microgroove bottom reached 88 nm in LOMM, while the cross-sectional geometry of the microgroove was a trapezoid. Perpendicularity of the microgroove sidewall machined by LOMM was better than that by COMM. The tool wear forms in LOMM were coating spalling and slight tool nose breakage. Compared with COMM, the tool life in LOMM was prolonged significantly. It indicates that the proposed hybrid process is an effective and efficient way to fabricate high aspect ratio micro-features with high dimensional accuracy.     

舰船燃气轮机发展现状、方向及关键技术

舰船燃气轮机在大中型水面舰艇动力中占主导地位,是海军现代化的一个重要标志。本文回顾了国内外舰船燃气轮机的发展历程,介绍了舰船燃气轮机发展走航改舰用和独立发展道路的状况。分析了典型舰船燃气轮机LM2500系列、MT30和UGT25000的技术特点和性能,从提高功率与热效率、提高可靠性与可维护性、发展产品系列化与谱系化等方面展望了舰船燃气轮机的发展方向,并提出了在材料及制造工艺、金属增材制造、气动设计、低排放、冷却及热障涂层、双燃料、智能化和混合动力等方面需要发展的关键技术。     

The effective temperatures of O-type stars from UV spectroscopy

We present an analysis of high resolution spectra in the far-UV – UV range (∼905–2000 Å) with non-LTE, spherical, hydrodynamical, line-blanketed models, of three O-type Galactic stars, and derive their photospheric and wind parameters. These data extend previously analyzed samples and fill a gap in spectral type coverage. The combined sample confirms a revised (downward) T_eff scale with respect to canonical calibrations, as found in our previous works from UV and optical spectra, and in recent works by other authors.     

计算模拟月壤颗粒吸收及散射特性的一种球叠加模型

针对模拟月壤复杂的外形特征以及多相非均质的微观结构,提出了一种计算模拟月壤颗粒吸收及散射特性的球叠加模型。根据模拟月壤颗粒的形状指数和分形特征识别结果,归纳了4种主要的模拟月壤颗粒类型,并采用蒙特卡罗光线跟踪法研究了这4种颗粒在单色平行光照射下的吸收及散射特性。与已有的非球形颗粒辐射特性的算法比较显示,该模型具有良好的计算准确性。在数值计算的基础上,分析了颗粒尺度参数及光学常数对其自身辐射特性的影响,并通过改变平行光照下的光线入射角度,分析了非球形颗粒的朝向对其自身辐射特性的影响。由计算结果推断,该模型不仅可以应用于计算模拟月壤颗粒的辐射特性,还可以满足其他适用于几何光学近似的非球形粒子。     

一种常用两次扫描算法的改进

针对交会对接最后逼近段光学成像敏感器图像处理中的快速连通域标记问题,将标记融合和两次扫描相结合,改进了连通域标记中常用的两次扫描算法,并基于标志灯成像的几何约束和统计约束给出了可完成目标粗识别的连通域标记算法.仿真结果表明这两种改进措施都可提高有效连通域标记的效率.改进后的连通域标记算法处理一幅1 024×1 024的图像,其50次重复运行的平均耗时小于98 ms,具备实时应用的能力.